However, there the altitude ranges from the 2,428 metres of Peñalara and the 430 metres of the Alberche river when it leaves Villa del Prado into the province of Toledo. Most of province lies between 600 and 1,000 m above sea level. More specifically, the exact position of Madrid is 3° 40´ of longitude west of Greenwich, England, and 40° 23´ north of the equator. Province of Madrid occupies a surface area of approximately 8,028 km 2 (3,100 sq mi) (1.6% of all Spanish territory). The region also includes the exclave of Dehesa de la Cepeda (part of the municipality of Santa María de la Alameda), a mostly open-area geographically located between the provinces of Ávila and Segovia in the autonomous community of Castile and León. The Iberian ibex ( Capra pyrenaica) in La Pedriza In addition, the Montejo Beech Forest is part of the transnational Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe world heritage site. The region contains three World Heritage Sites: the Monastery and Royal Site of El Escorial, the University and historic centre of Alcalá de Henares, and the cultural landscape of Aranjuez. Madrid has the highest GDP per capita in the country. In absolute terms, Madrid's economy has been, since 2018, slightly bigger in size than that of Catalonia.

It is also the most densely populated autonomous community. The Community of Madrid is the third most populous in Spain with 6,661,949 (2019) inhabitants mostly concentrated in the metropolitan area of Madrid. It was formally created in 1983, based on the limits of the province of Madrid, which was until then conventionally included in the historical region of New Castile. The Community of Madrid is bounded to the south and east by Castilla–La Mancha and to the north and west by Castile and León. Its capital and largest municipality is the City of Madrid, which is also the capital of the country. It is located in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula, and of the Central Plateau ( Meseta Central). The Community of Madrid ( English: / m ə ˈ d r ɪ d/ Spanish: Comunidad de Madrid Spanish pronunciation: ( listen)) is one of the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain.

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